There are two broad classifications of scleroderma based on the amount of skin and other organs affected. 

• Localised scleroderma affects the skin. There are two types of localised scleroderma, morphea or linear. Both have distinctive signs and symptoms. Localised scleroderma can sometimes restrict normal joint movement, due to hardening of the skin over the joint. 

• Diffuse scleroderma (also called systemic scleroderma or systemic sclerosis) involves a more widespread hardening of the skin. Internal organs are also affected. 
  

The symptoms vary from person to person, and will depend on the type of scleroderma you have.

Symptoms can include: 

• thickening and hardening of the skin

• Raynaud’s phenomenon – a condition which affects the blood flow to the extremities, most often fingers and toes. It’s caused by a sudden constriction of the blood vessels

• stiffness and pain in the muscles or joints (or both)

• indigestion, heartburn, diarrhoea, constipation.

We don’t know what causes the immune system to malfunction, however it appears that your genes may play a role.   

There’s no specific test for scleroderma, so your doctor will use a range of medical tests including physical examinations, blood tests and tissue biopsies to reach a diagnosis. 

While there’s currently no cure for scleroderma, treatment can help ease your symptoms.  Your doctor will develop a treatment plan based on your unique set of symptoms.

Steroid creams applied to your skin may be prescribed for localised scleroderma. A range of other anti-inflammatory medications may also be prescribed to help control your inflammation. You may be prescribed medications that will suppress your immune system, to help control the overactivity and reduce inflammation and other symptoms.

As well as seeing your GP, you will likely see a skin specialist (dermatologist) or a specialist in joint and muscle conditions (rheumatologist) regularly. Other healthcare providers such as immunologists, respiratory physicians and gastroenterologists may take part in your ongoing treatment.

There are things you can do to manage your scleroderma including: 

• learn about scleroderma – knowing as much as possible about your condition means that you can make informed decisions about your healthcare and play an active role in managing it.

• lifestyle changes – avoid exposure to cold temperatures, dress warmly and don’t smoke. These measures help manage Raynaud’s phenomenon.

• gentle, regular exercise – will help keep your joints moving, will strengthen your muscles and improve overall health, Talk with a physiotherapist or exercise physiologist about an exercise program that is specifically tailored to your condition and symptoms.

• stress management – to help you cope with the demands and challenges of their condition.

• aids and equipment – the effects of scleroderma can make some actions difficult, for example, using door handles or getting dressed. An occupational therapist can provide advice and solutions.

• Your doctor

• Rheumatologist

• Dermatologist

• Physiotherapist

• Exercise physiologist

• Occupational therapist

• MOVE muscle, bone & joint health 
  National Help Line: 1800 263 265

• Scleroderma is a chronic condition that affects your connective tissue

• Treatment aims to ease the symptoms, and will vary from person to person. 

Need medical information regarding your condition and commonly prescribed treatments? Or assistance navigating the health, disability and social services systems? Contact our nurses on the Help Line on 1800 263 265 or email helpline@move.org.au.

Interested in finding out about our upcoming webinars and seminars and other events? Click here to learn more.

• Arthritis Research UK
  

• Better Health Channel

• Scleroderma Australia

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